ABSTRACT
Background: Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease that is characterized by a decrease in bone mass and density and that leads to an increased risk of fractures. Osteoporosis is highly prevalent, with an estimated 30 million women diagnosed to have osteoporosis. A bone mineral density (BMD) test measures how much calcium and other types of minerals are present in a section of bone. The absolute amount of bone as measured by bone mineral density (BMD) testing generally correlates with bone strength and its ability to bear weight. Materials & Methods: Retrospective study was done in 320 male patients, department of Orthopedics at Govt. Medical College, Nagpur, India during the 6-month study. The BMD estimation of these patients was done by quantitative ultrasonography of the calcaneal bone and the analysis done on the basis of T–scores. Results: 320 patients were included in the study from department of Orthopedics, at Govt. Medical College, Nagpur, India. Patients were in the age group of 20-75 yrs. Among these 20.62% (n=66) were between 20-35yrs, 50.62% (n=162) between 36-50yrs and 24.37%(n=78) between 51-65 yrs. Commonest presenting symptom in the study population was Backache which was 61.87% (n=198). 32.81% (105) presented with generalized bone pain and 11.87% (38) patients had a history of fracture after trivial trauma. Of the 320 patients included in the study, 48.43% (n=155) were osteoporotic, 30.62% (n=98) were osteopenia and severe osteoporosis 11.25%. Majority of the osteoporotic patients fell in the age group of 36-50 yrs. Conclusion: Our study shows that the osteoporosis and osteopenia is more common in males in the age group of 36-50 yrs. Early detection and prompt treatment is required to prevent pathological fractures. Quantitative ultrasonography is a standout amongst the best apparatuses for early recognition of osteopenia and osteoporosis as this is practical, needs radiation introduction and yields great outcomes, tantamount to other indicative devices like DEXA check.
ABSTRACT
Background: Prevalence of Surgical site infections (SSI) in orthopedic implant surgery is ranges from 1 to 22%. It leads to increase case cost, prolongs antibiotic use/abuse, increases morbidity and rehabilitation. Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 130 patients with closed fracture cases undergoing clean and elective orthopedic implant surgeries admitted in the department of Orthopedics at Govt. Medical College, Nagpur, India between october-2016 to march-2017. Results: The surgical site infection was diagnosed in 11 (4.435%) patients within 3 months after surgery. Staphylococcus aureus was most common infective organism isolated in 54.54% cases. On data analysis SSI was significantly associated with increasing age, diabetes mellitus, smoking and anemia. Conclusions: Incidence of SSI in implants surgeries are quite high, proper measure are needed to control it.
ABSTRACT
Background: Aim of this study was to evaluate the maternal morbidity & mortality, clinical features, management and role of surgical interventions in cases of septic abortion in a tertiary Centre. Methods: This study was conducted on 25 cases of septic abortion in the Department of obstetrics & Gynaecology in Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun. All patients were evaluated with special reference to incidence, etiological factors, clinical features, surgery & maternal morbidity & mortality. Results: Common age group was between 26-30 years. Most of the cases were from lower socioeconomic status. Septic abortion following spontaneous abortion was present in 5 cases. Unwanted pregnancy was the indication for termination of pregnancy in majority of the cases. 8 cases required laparotomy for drainage of pus, 1 patient had hysterectomy. Conclusion: The incidence of illegal and septic abortion can be reduced by increasing awareness about family planning services and making legal abortion services easily available to the women and that too at a cheaper cost.
ABSTRACT
Background: Ultrasound is utilized to outline the size, consistency and structure of starting point of pelvic mass. The analysis of pelvic mass can be surmised in light of proper history and corroborative sonographic findings. Ultrasound gives information about function and morphology of abnormal organ when pelvic examination is difficult. Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 43 patients visiting the Gynaecology department to evaluate the diagnostic reliability of ultrasonography in various gynaecologic pelvic masses. Out of 43 patients, only 32 patients with a variety of gynaecologic pelvic masses completed the study during the 6-month period in Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun. Results: 32 patients with a variety of gynaecologic pelvic masses were evaluated, in 18 patients the Sonographic diagnosis was thought to be confirmatory of Clinical disease and in 11 patients, it revealed the actual status of 'patients. In 3 patients, the diagnosis was characterized as misleading. Conclusion: Ultrasound is useful in defining symptomatic or palpable pelvis mass as showed above.